Doweling hole spotting tool



April 20, 1954 c. o. RAYL, SR 2,675,625

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M w 16am INVENTOR. 0448159 0. PA VA 9%.

April 20, 1954 C. O. RAYL, SR

DOWELING HOLE SPOTTING TOOL 2 Sheet ril 28, 1952 iing fjigs. The present invention fpr'ovidesfagpiie- Patented Apr. 20 1954 UNITE-D is oer-ice *DPOWEIJING Hem; sroT-ml-Ne moo'L arl RMI, ea t e Wash- Application idpril28, 1952-,Serial N0. 284:8 13

This invention relates todevices ior spotting -drill holes in wood and other surfaces and more particularly concerns a novel teol by wliichqlcweling holesinay be located-enone jointed surfacedn precise-registry with=complemental doweling holes already formed in the mating jointedsurfade.

"The invention is *herein illustratively described -by ref-erence to t he preferred form"thereoflas applied tothe "problems of "forming-doweled j-oints in the manufacture of 'furniture and other "wooden articles, but it will be understood-that the "invention is hot-necessarily restricted. in re- 'gard to the details of form --nor with respect to the application for -=w-hich-*tl1e tool is primarily intended.

The procedure perhaps most commonly used for locating and marking "the drill holes for -doweled joints is to measure pit and mark with a pencil on both jointed surfaces the desired "corresponding distancesof the holes from true reference faces and edges 'o f the-boards cr -parts.

Theoretically, ofwcourse, this procedure is -un-impeachable if perfectly executed but as apractical matter errors are-often made even with the exercise of greatest care and as -a result the doweling holes "will-either not lineup with -su2fall, "or -ifthey 'do go together, their true faces and "edges, instead -ef beingflush, will o'ftenbe ofiset -on'e-from theotherand requirea cens'iderable *amountof sanding-down and-' finishin'gin order to produce the appearance of a precision joint. Even"more"serious'-difiicu1ties=are-enceun- *tered in Spotting the lo'cationspf deweling drill "holes when the jointed surf-aces --are curved *or 'for their more-pr less standardized production run work frequently handle their doweling problemg-by means-of'multiple arbor drill presses'and special work holding jigs. Withel'aborateequip- 'ment of this nature-available it i's readilypossible to produce precision=doweled joints-without regard to the limitations of manual skill. How- "ever, in the -shop o'f the hobbyist, in t he-erdina-ry woodworking or cabinet maker' s shop, -and*even for "specialized -'a ;pplications in large furniture ma-king establishments and the like, 'doweled joints are necessarily made without benefit of multiple arbor .dr'illin'g equipmentjor 'preset dr'illclsion tool of a simplainexpensive, compact and @51Glaims. (CL-.33e3- 180) -contenie'rrtly used-=na ture ifor' application in these instances. "-Fhe invention is not necessarily ilimited 'to woodworkin'g, however, because theiuse of doweling also odents in fabricated vstructures -using-=vari0us metals and other -materialsbesides wood. The invention applies in any situation wherein it -is-'desi1 ed to locate a point in one cftwo mating surf-aces concentric :wAithan :exist-.

ing hole--or bo're in the other surface wlithithe parts =a1igned -to eachother in the desired'ultim'ate positional relationship.

Bhe :present invention 2is based-0n the concept 0f drilling :a set "at d'oweling hdles 'in one of the :mating surfac'es and inserting each of these 'holesa pointed instrumentality whichifaces outwardly therefromsozas to punch ordndent the joint surface ofth'e ether part when the two "parts are brought together preliminarily under pressure. The doweling hole marks thus formed in the second part wi-ll thenhelocatedwith-considerable accuracy provided the marking points are truly coaxial' with-the firstset or holes supporting them. Moreoven -the technique is appli- -cable withequal accuracy to curved or irregular joint surfaces -QS-W811 as flat #or planar ones. A 'further object 0f the present invention is a doweling holespotti-ng toel capable 0f pro- -dueinga well defined and sufficiently deep and wide, aptly sha'ped spotting mdentation inta wood surface, for example, which lfun'ctions neliably for leading the drill bit into the wood: the precise-location desired. in order to produce a lead hole of this character considerable pressure iofithe tooltsipunchitip against the marking wood surface is necessary. itiisatherebyimportant,:andl sconstitutes lanpbjectsof 'ElZIfiSAiIll/EBHHOD, :that the "tool, soeketed :ima doweling J hole fin the mating joint surface, be formed in su'ch manner thatgit w nnotb dr ven tcvthe supp r i WOOd durme-an l c tio r f he ne s sa y mien v e suretheretc-and become so embedded as to betdifficult to remove therefrom.

.Still-another obj fitof .theinvention isa dowel- .ing Lhdle-sp0ttil1g tool adapted for .use "in ,the described manner "a'ndjthe jproper support of w ic socketed n th ifirstdr edfioi it urface, does not,depend'criticallyjupon the depthpfjthe "'doweling *h'ole receiving the tool if such hole vexceeds a certain minimum depth. In :dther Words the todlfspunchitip is Tcaused to project the desired T'd stancefif m ithefsllpbortingj surface i d p' d fifi y of he depthfdfth soj 1111s r Still anqthe 'so 'ij' 1 19, for" t. me infihefor going described manner "with an of "different doweling hole standard diameters, the tool set involving a minimum number of parts and being simple and inexpensive to produce.

In its herein illustrated form, the improved doweling hole spotting device comprises a punch tip of right-conical form, and a substantially cylindrical shank projecting axially from the base of said punch tip and of materially lesser diameter than such base. Socketed in a doweling hole of corresponding diameter, the shank of the tool supports the punch tip in the first joint surface, so that the punch tip is concentric with the doweling hole and when the mating surface is pressed against the tip to form the spotting indentation therein, the tool will not be driven into the supporting wood under the pressure exerted. The annular base of the punch tip surrounding the rim of the supporting hole distributes the pressure over a substantial area on the first surface and thereby provides ample support preventing that occurrence. In combination 7 with such a tool, the invention further comprises one or more shim tubes removably fitted to the shank of the tool for increasing the effective diameter thereof to fit larger standard size doweling holes. In one instance the outside diameter of the shim tube is sufficiently smaller than the diameter of the base of the conical punch tip that the latter continues to serve as a stop. preventing sinking of the tool into-the wood under pressure whereas in alternative illustrated forms an enlarged annular stop surrounding the shank of the tool next to the base of the punch tip increases the eflective diameter of the latter in order to accommodate still large shimi diameters; corresponding to larger-doweling holes.

This annular stop maybe in the form of a separate washer or of anannular flange fixed on the end of a shim tube upon-which still larger shim tubes may be applied if desired.

7 These and other features, objects and advantages of the invention includingcertain details of the preferred forms thereof will now become more fully evident from the following description based upon theaccompanying drawings,

Figure 1 isa perspective view, showing the parts of a spotting tool combination set accordance with theinvention, withthe parts being disassembled one'from another, I Y

Figure 2 is, a perspective view, illustrating an optional part which may be used in conjunction with the basic tool element of the setshown in F re 1,.

. Figure 3 is a sectional view showing one application of the basic tool element in the set.

' with a combined annular stop and shim tube combination, 7 I

Figure 6 is a similar view wherein additional successively larger Shim u a e added to the t ombination of Fi 5.- V. I V

Figure 7 is a similar view illustrating a modification of thefcombihation set applied as in Figures... V

Figure 8 is a perspective view, with parts broken away, illustrating application'of the invention to the spotting of doweling holes in straight planar jointed surfaces. J

Figure 9 is a similar perspective viewshowing the jointed parts with olmvelingv pieces inserted? preferably planar or-flat cone base 12f 4 preparatory to final joining of the parts with adhesive.

Figure'lO is a top View illustrating application of the invention to the spotting of doweling holes in curved jointed surfaces.

Figure 11 is a transverse sectional view illustrating the application of a removing tool by which a tubular shim of the tool may be retracted easily from the supporting hole in case it tends to become stuck therein.

Referring to Figure l, the basic tool or the basic element of the tool set is the spotting tool I0 comprising the right-conical punch tip I2 and the cylindrical shank l4 projecting axially from the base of such punch tip and being of materially lesser diameter than such base. In accordance with the preferred shape and dimensions of this tool for ordinary woodworking applications, the shank diameter is slightly under a quarter of an inch which is normally the smallest size doweling used in doweled joints. The length of the shank is approximately one inch. The cone angle of the punch tip is approximately 90 degrees and the diameter of its base is of an inch, the punch member work-indenting tip portion comprising the preferably pointed cone apex and the punch member base comprising the It is obviously desirable that the punch tip [2 be of a hard metal such as tool steel or at least cold-roll steel whereas the shank which undergoes no wear to speak of may be of mild steel, if desired.

The second main element of the spotting tool set in its form shown in Figure 1 is the combined spacer shim and stop assembly l6 comprising the cylindrical spacer tube I8 removably fitted to the flange 20 fixed upon one end of the spacer tube l8. In the example indicated, a sufliciently snug yet sliding fit between the spacer tube is and the shank I4 is achieved when the diameter of the shank is 0.245 of an inch and the inside diameter of the tube is 0.250 of an inch. The outside diameter-of this tube is made to correspond with a next larger standard drill diameter, such as approximately of an inch. The annular stop I flange 20 is typically 1 5 of an inch thick and of an inch outside diameter. The thickness and I diameter dimensions of the stop flange are not critical, however, and have no necessary direct relationship-to the doweling hole sizes, as will appear.

Preferably, however, the diameter of the stop flange 20 exceeds by an appreciable margin the outside diameter of the largest spacer shim to be used in conjunction with the combination tool element [6, so that such fiangeserves as a stop in the same manner in all such combinations.

. Thus in the example a first larger shim tube 22 is provided to slidably fit upon the spacer tube It, while a second larger shim tube 24 is providedto slidably fit upon. the outside of the shim tube 22. The outside diameter of the tube 24 corresponding to the largest doweling size for which the illustrated spotting tool set is intended to be used, is approximately of an inch, which is still appreciably less than the outside diameter of the stop flange 20, or A; of an inch. The outside diameter of the intermediate sizeshim tube 22 is approximately one-half inch. In actual machined dimensions, however, the desired sliding fit between the several shim tubes is achieved by establishing a 0.005 of an inch difference between the'diameters of contacting cylindrical surfaces. Accordingly the outside "diameter-of the shim tube 8 isadtually fi $70 of an inch, the inside-diameter 'of shim tu'be 0.375 of an inch, the-outsidediameter ofcshim "tube 22 is "0.495 of an inch-and the inside diam- "'eter-of-shim =t-ube 2"4-is :500 of an inch. Pr-eferany the shimtubes i=8, "22---and 2 4 are-ailofequal length, corresponding to the length of the tocl shanki4, so that a -doweling holedrilled deep enough to accommodate one such element w'ill accommodate all, and also in order *to-mini'm-in'e the length of metal-many element to a value-not greater than that needed-forestablishing-stable fis'ocketing of the tool in a 'doweling hole;--which is, andshould be, the same in an instances;

fi dcwling is 'used of a *size intermediate the diameters of-the shan'k ikandfirs'tshim tube-f8, a further element maybe added to the tool set shown in 'Figure 'l,' namely =the straightcylin'dripals'him tube 26 shown in Figure-2. "I'hednside diameter of this optional shim tube is equal to that of the Shim tube 18, "whereas itsoutside dianreter isapproximately .1 6"0f an inch *and'is less, therefore, still; by an appreciablemar'gin, "than the diameter of the-base of the conical punchtipdi, or 7 of an"inch;so that when these two parts are assembled together the margina'l portion-of the conical "tube "base *will function-as K'StJD'SU'Ifa'CG EIS desired.

Figure 3 illustrates the use 'of the basic tool element was the spotting tool in conjunction with dowling'of the smallest 'size 'for which the tool set is intended to *be'used. In 'thisinstance a doweling hole D'of a' depth greater than the length of the tool shank H has been drilled into the body of the first wooden part P! and the shank is socketed in'the bore. The base or under sideofthe conical punch tip [2 then rests against the jointed surface S! of thegpart Pi. .The part 1P2 having the mating j ointed surface S2 is then :pressed-in the directionof the arrow against the tool :point, with the parts properly aligned in their intended relative positions for the joint.

As-azresult of the pressure applied upon the tip ,of the tool by the part P2 its jointed surface :SZ

receives :a distinct and well defined indentation rof :conical form at the proper location iforrdrilling a dowelinghole in accurate coaxial registry with the existing doweling hole 12 in the basic part Pl- A well defined spotting indentation in thesur face S2 is achieved by a moderate pressure corresponding, for instance, to that su-fiicient to produce penetration of the punch tip [2 half its length or depth into the surface S2, as illustrated.

In Figure 4 the basic tool ID is used in combination with the optional shim tube 26 (Figure 2) for purposes of spotting of an inch doweling holes as in the manner described in connection with Figure 3.

In Figure 5 the basic tool I0 is used in conjunction with the combined stop and shim tube l6 for A; of an inch doweling holes. In this case the under side of the annular stop flange 20 rests against the jointed surface SI, to prevent the tool sinking into the wood under pressure from the mating surface S2. The annular flange 20 is relatively thin, however, so that the tip of the tool [0 does not stand out from the surface S2 much farther than it did in Figures 3 and 4, when no additional or enlarging stop element was used. It is desirable to minimize the projection of the punch tip from the supporting surface, so that the mating joint surfaces SI and S2 will approach closely together when the spotting irfdentations are hi-ng formed, and "th'er'eby fa cilitaitemore-accuratealignment of the mating -'p ar ts in their irfterlded joined relative positions *under these #cendi tions.

*In Figure- 6 the-"combination of Figure 5 is "used ='in--e'ori j'unccrion with two adc'litional shim tubes- 2 2 and *2 i'n orderto accommodate the largestsiae holes*for which the set-illustrated in "Figure-ins'intendedto be used. Inthis'ca'se, of course, l e *out'er inarg'in =ofthe annular stop mange -2'0 projecting beyond '-'-the outside face of cha lenges 's'him-'-tube 24, rests upon the-jointed surface-1S! and functions as the tool stoppreveriting the same --f-r0m sinking into the-woodland be corni-ng diflicult to remove.

In i igure'q a-modified version of thecom'bi'nation-slrown in Figured is illustrated. In this case dimensions and shape of the various "parts areuthe same as in the previous form, but the annular stop "flange is formed as a separate washer *20' detachable-from the shim tubel'B. In general respects, however, the two arrangernents "produce the same results and operate in "the-same manner. The advantage of the arrangement of Figure -5 over that -of Figure "lyof course, lies in' the combin'ingof parts 26 and 18 so as to minimize the "number of parts of the tool'set which must be handled, which -=because of' their-numbers may tend to --become misplaced orlostiflaid-carelcssly about.

Figure -8 illustrates application of the 'inventionto the practical case of spotting the" doweling- 'holes-for a 'doweled joint "between straight planar ends-of two wooden boards E-| and'B-Z.

'The doweling 'holes d1, d2, d3 are first drilled into the jointedends of the firstboard Bl to receive the spotting tool combination of Figure-5, "for instance, in each hole. Theboards are then placed with their true faces down against a flat -horizontal "supporting guide surface h, and with "their true edges against an adjoining vertical guide surface v; Thusaligned by re'ferenceio the guide surfaces, the boards-are moved-together "under pressureto form a "set- 0f indentations in 7 the jointed "end of the board B2 precisely oppos'it e the existing doweling holes'd-l d2 d3 in'the bnard B l. Thus when the complemental set of doweling holes is drilled in the board 32 and dowe'lhig pieces "dp are inserted as in Figure 9, "a true and perfect doweled joint is achieved.

'The normally exacting and complexoperation c'if' spottirrg-doweling -hole's in-curved j omreasurfaces SI and S2, as in Figure 10, is also easily accomplished by use of the invention inasmuch as no complicated measurements for locating the holes in one jointed surface precisely in registry with those in the other are necessary. Thus all the former difiiculties of measuring along curves or going to other inconvenient lengths to obtain a perfect joint are avoided in simple expeditious manner. The two parts BI and B2 having the curved jointed surfaces are simply brought together in the manner illustrated in Figure 8 or a comparable manner, depending upon the nature of the true surfaces of the boards which are to be used for purposes of guidance, and the punch tips I2 of the spotting tools will produce the desired drilling lead holes in the surface S2. Preferably and as illustrated in the figure, the doweling holes in part BI are counterbored slightly in order to provide a better seat for the stop flange 20 than a curved surface provides.

Figure 11 illustrates the application of a convenient retracting tool T by which the tubular shim I8 may be removed from the doweling hole after use in the eventit 1 ,t ends ;to becomestuck noted that certain variations or modifications may be made in the detailed shapes or forms of various parts and in respect to the materials and dimensions thereof, number of shim tubes used, etc., without departing from the underlying concepts involved. For example, the punch tip I2 is described and illustrated as being a right-conical body, and the tool shank l4 is described and illustrated as-being a circular cylindrical body. In this form the parts are perhaps more economically machined or otherwise produced, and tend to produce the optimum shape of spotting indentation in the second surface S2, as well as socketing most satisfactorily in a cylindrical doweling hole d in the first surface Sl. However, it will be obvious that other tapered or pointed forms for the punch tip may be used if desired, of circular or other cross-sectional form, and that the function of supporting the punch tip in concentric relation to the doweling hole 11 performed by the shank 3 may be accomplished with shanks of other forms than a circular cylindrical form. The possible variations in these respects, as well as in others concerning other parts of the tool combination, will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Accordingly it is intended that the invention as defined in the following claims should be construed with a view to giving full effect and scope to the principles involved which are illustrated and described in the foregoing specification by reference to the preferred examples thereof.

I claim as my invention:

1. The doweling hole spotting tool combination comprising a punch having a right-conical head and a substantially cylindrical shank projecting axially from the base of said conical head and of materially lesser diameter than said base, a shim tube removably fitted to said shank for increasing the efiective diameter thereof, and a relatively thin annular stop member removably fitted to said shank, of materially larger outside diameter than saidbase and said shim, and interposed between said base and'the adjacent end of said shim mounted on said shank.

2. The combinationdefined in claim 1, wherein the annular stop member comprises an outwardly projecting flange fixed on the end of the shim tube.

3. The combination defined in claim 2, and an additional shim tube removably fitted to the outside of the first shim tube and having an outside diameter materially less than the outsidediameter of the stop member. 7 V

4. The combination defined in claim 1, and an additional shim tube removably fitted to the outside of the first shim tube and having an outside diameter materially less than the outside diameter of the stop member.

5. The doweling hole spotting tool comprising a punch having a central indenting tip adapted for pressure-indentation of work materials to be bored, a substantially cylindrical elongated shank coaxial to said tip, a stop portion projecting transversely outward from the side of said shank back of said tip adapted to seat against the face of a piece of work having a dowel hole in which said shank is socketed, said shank having substantially uniform transverse dimensions adjacent said stop portion and along the projecting length of said shank, and tubular shim means removably fitted to the shank of said tool and having a thin annular flange on one end, of a. materially greater outside radius than the radialj'ly projecting width of the tool stop portion.

and Winter 1951-1952, published 1951 at Baltimore, Md. 

